Glossy Buckthorn (Rhamnus cathartica)

Prefers wet soils & full sun to shade

Plant Type: Deciduous shrub

Mature Height: 20'

Yellow-green flowers from May to frost & red fruit that turns purplish-black

Control: repeated prescribed burning; repeated mowing; chemical control

Purple Loosestrife (Lythrum salicaria)

Prefers moist soil to shallow water, but can survive in dry conditions & full sun

Plant Type: Semi-woody perennial

Mature Height: 3 - 10'

Purple flowers July - September

Spread by seeds and broken stems that can root

Control: hand pull small plants; cut or bag seed heads beginning in early August; repeated mowing; chemical control

Reed Canary Grass (Phalaris arundinacea)

Tolerates wet to dry soil conditions and full sun to partial shade

Plant Type: Cool season perennial grass

Mature Height: 2 - 9'

Green to purple flowers May to mid-June

Spreads by seed or rhizomes

Can be controlled by covering small areas with plastic for at least one growing season; prescribed burns repeated for 5 - 6 years; mowing in early to mid June and in early October; removing plants to a 12-18" depth; chemical control

Multiflora Rose (Rosa multiflora)

Tolerates a wide range of soil, moisture and light conditions

Plant Type: Thorny, perennial shrub

Mature Height: 2 - 5'

White flowers in April & small red fruit in summer and winter

Spreads by seed and arching canes that root

Control: Young plants can be pulled by hand; frequent mowing or cutting; chemical control

Yellow Sweet Clover (Melilotus officinalis)

Grows well in full sun

Plant Type: Herbaceous biennial

Mature Height: 3 - 5 ft.

Yellow flowers during second year of growth

Control: prescribed burining 2 consecutive years; hand pull when young; chemical

White Sweet Clover (Melilotus alba)

Grows in full sun

Plant Type: Herbaceous beinnial

Mature Height: 3 - 5 feet

Flowers: white, appearing in the second year of growth

Control: Prescribed burning for 2 consecutive years; hand pulling when young; chemical

Autumn Olive (Elaeagnus umbellata)

Adapted to poor soil types

Plant Type: Deciduous shrub

Mature Height: 20'

Has light yellow flowers May-June

Control: Hand pull seedlings or sprouts; chemical control

Amur Honeysuckle (Lonicera maackii)

Well adapted to any type of soil and moisture conditions

Plant Type: Deciduous shrub

Mature Height: 15'

White flowers fade to gold. The fruit turns bright red mid-late autumn

Control: Has shallow root system, and can be dug up or pulled out if caught early enough.

Tatarian Honeysuckle (Lonicera tatarica)

Same as Amur Honeysuckle, but has pale pink flowers